Our Density of Solution Calculator calculates the density of any solution from its mass and volume, or converts between density and concentration. Essential for chemistry labs, pharmaceutical compounding, and industrial processes.
Density of Solution Calculator
Fill in any two fields — the third will be calculated.
Density Formula
ρ = m / V
Density (g/mL) = Mass (g) ÷ Volume (mL)
Or equivalently: Mass = Density × Volume | Volume = Mass ÷ Density
Density of Common Solutions at 20°C
| Solution | Concentration | Density (g/mL) |
|---|---|---|
| Pure water | — | 1.000 |
| Seawater | ~3.5% NaCl | 1.025 |
| Ethanol (95%) | 95% v/v | 0.816 |
| Sulfuric acid (conc.) | 98% | 1.840 |
| Hydrochloric acid (conc.) | 37% | 1.190 |
| NaOH solution (10%) | 10% w/v | 1.109 |
| Glucose solution (50%) | 50% w/v | 1.230 |
How to Measure Solution Density in the Lab
- Weigh a clean, dry volumetric flask (record m₁)
- Fill to the graduation mark with your solution at 20°C
- Weigh again (record m₂)
- Density = (m₂ − m₁) / volume of flask
For quick field measurements, a hydrometer reads density directly by float depth. A pycnometer gives the most accurate results for laboratory work.
FAQs
What is the unit of density?
For solutions, density is most commonly expressed in g/mL (grams per millilitre) or equivalently g/cm³ or kg/L. All three are numerically equal (1 g/mL = 1 g/cm³ = 1 kg/L).
Does temperature affect solution density?
Yes, significantly. Most solutions become less dense as temperature increases because the molecules move faster and occupy more space. Always specify temperature when reporting solution density (standard is 20°C or 25°C).
Is density the same as specific gravity?
Specific gravity is the ratio of a solution’s density to the density of water at the same temperature. Since water at 20°C has density ≈ 1.00 g/mL, specific gravity and density are numerically nearly identical for aqueous solutions.
How do I calculate density from mass and volume?
Density (ρ) = Mass ÷ Volume. Divide the mass of the solution in grams by its volume in millilitres to get density in g/mL.